Pterygium explained clearly

Often called surfer’s eye, a pterygium is a non-cancerous growth linked mainly to ultraviolet light exposure and can gradually change the surface of the eye

Pterygium explained clearly

Often called surfer’s eye, a pterygium is a non-cancerous growth linked mainly to ultraviolet light exposure and can gradually change the surface of the eye

With a pterygium, comfort and clarity can both be affected

Quickly learn what a pterygium is, what causes it, the symptoms to watch for, and when treatment may be considered

What is a pterygium?

A pterygium is a wedge-shaped growth of thickened connective tissue that begins on the “white” of the eye and starts to encroach on the corneal surface. It typically starts growing on the sides closest to the nose. A pterygium may affect both eyes. Pterygium is not a cancer and is better defined as a localised disturbance to the surface of the eye.

Exposure to ultraviolet rays from the sun is the major risk factor in pterygium formation. Pterygium is also known as ‘surfers eye’ as it as they commonly suffer from one or more pterygia. People who live in closer to the equator, work outdoors and spend a lot of time in the sun exposed to UV light are also at risk.

Most patients have no symptoms but are aware that the eye affected may appear red. An enlarging pterygium may cause the following symptoms:

  • Redness and inflammation
  • Foreign body sensation
  • Excessive tearing, itching and burning
  • Increased grittiness
  • Blurred vision
  • Astigmatism – The pterygium may pull on the cornea and distort its shape which can cause astigmatism
  • Contact lenses – A pterygium can interfere with the comfortable wearing of contact lens.

The best way to reduce the risk of pterygium is to protect the eyes from ultraviolet rays. Sun safety is very important. It is essential to start at a young age. Use of wide brimmed hats and wraparound sunglasses with high UV protection are recommended.

In cases where the pterygium is actively growing and causing symptoms, surgery may be performed.

A small incision is made in the conjunctiva (membrane covering the white of the eye) surrounding the pterygium. The pterygium will then be lifted upward clear of the cornea.

To reduce the risk of recurrence, a conjunctival autograft is performed. A conjunctival autograft is a relocation of a small portion of the conjunctiva (from under the upper eyelid) to the site of the excised pterygium. The healthy tissue decreases the risk of re-growth of any remaining sun-damaged cells in the affected part of the eye.

Clear guidance for your eye care journey

Eye treatment options can vary from person to person. We help you understand what is happening and what care may be right for you

Step 1: REACH OUT

The first step is to book an assessment so your symptoms, concerns, or vision goals can be discussed with the clinic. Give our friendly team a call or use our easy contact form to get in touch.

Step 2: WE’LL MEET

At your visit, our refractive surgeons will examine your eyes, explain the findings, and talk through the treatment options that may be appropriate for your condition and needs.

Step 3: ENJOY COMFORT

After treatment, the aim is to help you see more clearly, feel more comfortable, and manage your eye health with greater confidence. Depending on your condition and treatment plan, this may make daily life feel easier and more manageable.

Find comfort and clarity for your eyes

Contact us to discover the next step toward healthier, more comfortable vision

Hi, I’m Dr John Males

I’m the owner and principal surgeon at Envision Eye Centre, specialising in laser vision correction, cataract, and corneal surgery. With over 15 years’ experience, I’ve been involved in introducing advanced procedures such as SMILE® and laser-assisted cataract surgery in Australia. I’ve held leadership roles at St Vincent’s Hospital and Sydney Eye Hospital, and I continue to contribute to teaching and research through the University of Sydney. My focus is always on delivering safe, precise, and personalised care, using the latest technology to help patients achieve the best possible visual outcomes.

Dr John Males

M.B B. Sc. (Med)(Hons) MMed (Clin Epi) FRANZCO